# Sanitary Pad Raw Materials: Key Components and Their Functions

## Introduction

Sanitary pads are essential feminine hygiene products used by millions of women worldwide. The effectiveness and comfort of these products depend largely on the quality and composition of their raw materials. Understanding the key components of sanitary pads and their functions helps consumers make informed choices about the products they use.

## Core Components of Sanitary Pads

### 1. Top Sheet (Cover Stock)

The top sheet is the layer that comes in direct contact with the skin. It’s designed to be soft, comfortable, and quickly absorbent. Common materials include:

– Nonwoven polypropylene
– Perforated film
– Cotton-like materials

This layer allows liquid to pass through while keeping the skin dry.

### 2. Absorbent Core

The absorbent core is the heart of the sanitary pad, responsible for locking away menstrual flow. It typically consists of:

– Fluff pulp (wood cellulose)
– Superabsorbent polymers (SAP)
– Sometimes includes cotton or rayon

The SAP can absorb many times its weight in liquid, transforming it into a gel to prevent leakage.

### 3. Back Sheet

The back sheet is the waterproof layer that prevents leaks. Materials used include:

– Polyethylene film
– Breathable microporous films

– Biodegradable materials in eco-friendly options

This layer must be flexible yet strong enough to contain the absorbed liquid.

### 4. Adhesive

Adhesives serve two main purposes:

– Body adhesive keeps the pad in place on underwear
– Packaging adhesive seals individual pads in their wrappers

These are typically pressure-sensitive, hypoallergenic adhesives.

## Additional Features and Materials

### Wings

Many pads include wings that fold over the sides of underwear. These are usually made from:

– Nonwoven materials
– Sometimes with additional adhesive strips

### Fragrance and Deodorants

Some pads incorporate:

– Natural or synthetic fragrances
– Activated charcoal for odor control
– Baking soda as a natural deodorizer

### Packaging Materials

Individual pads are wrapped in:

– Polyethylene or polypropylene films
– Biodegradable wrappers in eco-friendly options
– Outer boxes made from cardboard

## Safety and Quality Considerations

Manufacturers must ensure:

– All materials are dermatologically tested
– No harmful chemicals are present
– Products meet international safety standards
– Materials are free from allergens and irritants

## Environmental Considerations

With growing environmental awareness, many brands are exploring:

– Biodegradable materials
– Organic cotton options
– Reduced plastic content
– Compostable packaging

## Conclusion

Understanding the raw materials in sanitary pads helps consumers choose products that offer the right balance of comfort, protection, and environmental responsibility. As technology advances, we continue to see innovations in materials that improve both performance and sustainability in feminine hygiene products.